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转自：《模式——工程化实现及扩展》（设计模式C# 版） http://www.cnblogs.com/callwangxiang/推荐：《模式——工程化实现及扩展》（设计模式C# 版）《迭代器模式 Iterator》——“自我检验" 参考答案
[转自：《模式——工程化实现及扩展》（设计模式C# 版） http://www.cnblogs.com/callwangxiang/ 1、 请遍历当前文件夹列举所有最近3天创建或修改的文件的全路径 参
http://www.cnblogs.com/callwangxiang/archive/2011/05/26/ExerciseAAVisitor.html 的参考答案
分析
1、由于需要同时从管理内容和人员类型两方面进行调整，所有需要借助.NET平台解耦双因素依赖关系
2、为了实现简便采用LINQ + 委托方式
3、为了便于随着应用项目维护进行修改，将所有人员类型和管理内容以配置方式动态载入
4、为了简化众多内容，提供统一的Facade接口，协调众多人员类型和管理内容间的行为匹配
推荐：《模式——工程化实现及扩展》（设计模式C# 版）《模板方法模式 Template》——“自我检验" 参考答案
[转自：《模式——工程化实现及扩展》（设计模式C# 版） http://www.cnblogs.com/callwangxiang/ http://www.cnblogs.com/callwangxiang/archive/2011/05/20/ExerciseA
参考实现
1、人员类型定义
#region Staffabstract class Person
{
public string Name { get ; set ; }
public virtual double Income { get ; set ;}
public virtual object Clone() { return MemberwiseClone();}
}
/// <summary>
/// 外聘专家
/// </summary>
class Expert : Person
{
public Expert( double cost)
{
Cost = cost;
Income = Cost;
}
public double Cost { get ; set ; }
}
abstract class Employee : Person { }
class GeneralEmployee : Employee
{
public GeneralEmployee( double basicSalary, int workingYears)
{
BasicSalary = basicSalary;
WorkingYears = workingYears;
}
public double BasicSalary { get ; set ; }
public double ExtraSalary { get ; set ; }
public int WorkingYears { get ; set ; }
public int VacationDays { get ; set ; }
public override double Income{ get { return BasicSalary + ExtraSalary;}}
}
class Temporary : Employee
{
public double Wage { get ; set ; }
public override double Income{ get { return Wage;}}
}
class Mananger : GeneralEmployee
{
public Mananger( double basicSalary, int workingYears, string department)
: base (basicSalary, workingYears)
{
Department = department;
}
public string Department { get ; private set ; }
}
#endregion
2、访问接口和访问过程定义
class HrRuntime{
/// <summary>
/// 所有Element接受Visitor的统一入口
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Type 表示适用的人员类别
/// Action 表示Visitor扩展的功能
/// </remarks>
public IEnumerable < KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >>> Registry { get ; set ; }
/// <summary>
/// 所有Element
/// </summary>
public List < Person > Staff { get ; set ; }
/// <summary>
/// 调用各个适用的Visitor
/// </summary>
public void Visit()
{
if (Registry.Count() == 0 ) return ;
if (Staff.Count() == 0 ) return ;
// 动态生成传统Visit各个接口的过程
// VisitGeneralExpert()
// VisitGeneralTemporary()
// VisitGeneralGeneralEmployee()
// VisitGeneralManager()
var visitorsByType = Registry.GroupBy(x => x.Key);
// 动态执行Visit()过程
Staff.ForEach(x => Registry.Where(a => a.Key == x.GetType()).ToList().ForEach(a => a.Value(x)));
}
public T FindClone < T > ( string name)
where T : Person
{
return (T)(Staff.FirstOrDefault(x => string .Equals(x.Name, name)).Clone());
}
}
3、单元测试验证各种管理措施与各类人员间的访问效果
HrRuntime runtime;
const double MaxMistake = 0.1 ;
[TestInitialize]
public void Initialize()
{
Action < Person > workingYearsSalaryHandler =
(x) =>
{
((GeneralEmployee) x).ExtraSalary +=
((GeneralEmployee) x).WorkingYears * 50 ;
};
Action < Person > calculatePensionAndHousingFundHandler =
(x) =>
{
((GeneralEmployee) x).ExtraSalary -= ((GeneralEmployee) x).Income * ( 0.15 + 0.05 );
};
Action < Person > calculateAnualLeave =
(x) =>
{
((GeneralEmployee) x).VacationDays = ((((GeneralEmployee) x).WorkingYears - 1 ) / 5 + 1 ) * 5 ;
};
runtime =
new HrRuntime()
{
Registry = new List < KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >>> ()
{
// 给普通员工和经理分别加薪15%和10%
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (GeneralEmployee), x => {((GeneralEmployee) x).BasicSalary *= 1.15 ;}),
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (Mananger), x => {((Mananger)x).BasicSalary *= 1.1 ;}),
// 司龄工资：每年增加50元
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (GeneralEmployee), workingYearsSalaryHandler),
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (Mananger), workingYearsSalaryHandler),
// 保险和公积金：为了简化示例，养老保险和住房公积金分别按最后应发收入合计的5%和15%扣除
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (Temporary), x => {((Temporary) x).Wage *= ( 1 - 0.15 - 0.05 );}),
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (GeneralEmployee), calculatePensionAndHousingFundHandler),
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (Mananger), calculatePensionAndHousingFundHandler),
// 年休假：所有员工（普通员工、经理）按照司龄从每年5天起，每满5年年度增加5天逐级递增
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (GeneralEmployee), calculateAnualLeave),
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (Mananger), calculateAnualLeave),
// 岗位增休假：计划在现有休假基础上，普通员工每年增加3天，经理每年增加5天
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (GeneralEmployee), (x) => ((GeneralEmployee)x).VacationDays += 3 ),
new KeyValuePair < Type, Action < Person >> ( typeof (Mananger), (x) => ((Mananger)x).VacationDays += 5 ),
},
Staff = new List < Person > ()
{
new Expert( 2000 ){Name = " E1 " },
new Expert( 3000 ){Name = " E2 " },
new Temporary(){Name = " T1 " , Wage = 1200 },
new Temporary(){Name = " T2 " , Wage = 1100 },
new GeneralEmployee( 4000 , 3 ){Name = " G1 " },
new GeneralEmployee( 6000 , 10 ){Name = " G2 " },
new GeneralEmployee( 4000 , 3 ){Name = " G3 " },
new Mananger( 11000 , 2 , " sales " ){Name = " M1 " },
new Mananger( 15000 , 12 , " administration " ){Name = " M2 " }
}
};
}
/// <summary>
/// 外聘专家
/// </summary>
[TestMethod]
public void TestExpert()
{
var e1 = runtime.FindClone < Expert > ( " E1 " );
var e2 = runtime.FindClone < Expert > ( " E2 " );
runtime.Visit();
// 外聘专家没有加薪、加休的内容
Assert.AreEqual < double > (e1.Income, runtime.FindClone < Expert > ( " E1 " ).Income);
Assert.AreEqual < double > (e2.Income, runtime.FindClone < Expert > ( " E2 " ).Income);
}
/// <summary>
/// 临时员工
/// </summary>
[TestMethod]
public void TestTemporary()
{
var t1 = runtime.FindClone < Temporary > ( " T1 " );
var t2 = runtime.FindClone < Temporary > ( " T2 " );
runtime.Visit();
// 仅适用 => 保险和公积金：为了简化示例，养老保险和住房公积金分别按最后应发收入合计的5%和15%扣除
Assert.AreEqual(t1.Income * 0.8 , runtime.FindClone < Temporary > ( " T1 " ).Income, MaxMistake);
Assert.AreEqual(t2.Income * 0.8 , runtime.FindClone < Temporary > ( " T2 " ).Income, MaxMistake);
}
/// <summary>
/// 临时普通员工
/// </summary>
[TestMethod]
public void TestGeneralEmployee()
{
var g1 = runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G1 " );
var g2 = runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G2 " );
var g3 = runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G3 " );
runtime.Visit();
// 收入适用 =>
// 给普通员工和经理分别加薪15%和10%
// 司龄工资：每年增加50元
// 保险和公积金：为了简化示例，养老保险和住房公积金分别按最后应发收入合计的5%和15%扣除
Func < GeneralEmployee, double > incomeHandler =
(x) =>
{
var extraSalary = x.WorkingYears * 50 ;
var basicSalary = x.BasicSalary;
basicSalary *= 1.15 ;
var pensionAndHousingFund = (extraSalary + basicSalary) * 0.2 ;
return extraSalary + basicSalary - pensionAndHousingFund;
};
Assert.AreEqual(incomeHandler(g1), runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G1 " ).Income );
Assert.AreEqual(incomeHandler(g2), runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G2 " ).Income);
Assert.AreEqual(incomeHandler(g3), runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G3 " ).Income);
// 休假适用 =>
// 年休假：所有员工（普通员工、经理）按照司龄从每年5天起，每满5年年度增加5天逐级递增
// 岗位增休假：计划在现有休假基础上，普通员工每年增加3天，经理每年增加5天
Func < GeneralEmployee, int > vacationHandler =
(x) =>
{
var workingYears = x.WorkingYears;
var vacation = ((workingYears - 1 ) / 5 + 1 ) * 5 ;
return vacation + 3 ;
};
Assert.AreEqual(vacationHandler(g1), runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G1 " ).VacationDays);
Assert.AreEqual(vacationHandler(g2), runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G2 " ).VacationDays);
Assert.AreEqual(vacationHandler(g3), runtime.FindClone < GeneralEmployee > ( " G3 " ).VacationDays);
}
/// <summary>
/// 临时普通员工
/// </summary>
[TestMethod]
public void TestManager()
{
var m1 = runtime.FindClone < Mananger > ( " M1 " );
var m2 = runtime.FindClone < Mananger > ( " M2 " );
runtime.Visit();
// 收入适用 =>
// 给普通员工和经理分别加薪15%和10%
// 司龄工资：每年增加50元
// 保险和公积金：为了简化示例，养老保险和住房公积金分别按最后应发收入合计的5%和15%扣除
Func < GeneralEmployee, double > incomeHandler =
(x) =>
{
var extraSalary = x.WorkingYears * 50 ;
var basicSalary = x.BasicSalary;
basicSalary *= 1.1 ;
var pensionAndHousingFund = (extraSalary + basicSalary) * 0.2 ;
return extraSalary + basicSalary - pensionAndHousingFund;
};
Assert.AreEqual(incomeHandler(m1), runtime.FindClone < Mananger > ( " M1 " ).Income);
Assert.AreEqual(incomeHandler(m2), runtime.FindClone < Mananger > ( " M2 " ).Income);
// 休假适用 =>
// 年休假：所有员工（普通员工、经理）按照司龄从每年5天起，每满5年年度增加5天逐级递增
// 岗位增休假：计划在现有休假基础上，普通员工每年增加3天，经理每年增加5天
Func < GeneralEmployee, int > vacationHandler =
(x) =>
{
var workingYears = x.WorkingYears;
var vacation = ((workingYears - 1 ) / 5 + 1 ) * 5 ;
return vacation + 5 ;
};
Assert.AreEqual(vacationHandler(m1), runtime.FindClone < Mananger > ( " M1 " ).VacationDays);
Assert.AreEqual(vacationHandler(m2), runtime.FindClone < Mananger > ( " M2 " ).VacationDays);
}
推荐：《模式——工程化实现及扩展》（设计模式C# 版）《原型模式 Prototype》——“自我检验" 参考答案
[转自：《模式——工程化实现及扩展》（设计模式C# 版） http://www.cnblogs.com/callwangxiang/ http://www.cnblogs.com/callwangxiang/archive/2011/06/02/ExerciseAAP
